{"id":3716,"date":"2015-06-04T03:33:48","date_gmt":"2015-06-04T08:33:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.insta-pro.com\/fr\/2015\/12\/que-mettre-dans-un-plan-daffaires\/"},"modified":"2015-12-04T07:54:59","modified_gmt":"2015-12-04T13:54:59","slug":"que-mettre-dans-un-plan-daffaires","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instapro.spinuhost.com\/fr\/blog\/strategie-commerciale-et-financement\/que-mettre-dans-un-plan-daffaires\/","title":{"rendered":"Que mettre dans un plan d\u2019affaires ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Exploitation<\/a><\/p>\n

Les plans d\u2019affaires sont exig\u00e9s par la plupart des organismes financiers et les pr\u00eateurs pour estimer le montant de leur investissement dans votre entreprise.  Lorsqu\u2019\u00e0 Insta-Pro nous \u00e9tudions un cr\u00e9dit-bail pour un client, nous exigeons \u00e9galement un plan d\u2019affaires et une analyse de faisabilit\u00e9 du projet.  Un plan d\u2019affaires est un document \u00e9volutif qui refl\u00e8te la vision et les ambitions d\u2019un groupe d\u2019individus. Voici quelques points \u00e0 prendre en consid\u00e9ration lorsque vous commencez \u00e0 le r\u00e9diger :<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Commencez par un r\u00e9sum\u00e9 op\u00e9rationnel (ou executive summary)<\/strong>. Le r\u00e9sum\u00e9 devrait prendre environ une page, et devrait indiquer tous les points cl\u00e9s de votre projet.  V\u00e9rifiez les faits rapport\u00e9s<\/strong>. Le banquier ou l\u2019investisseur qui lit votre plan sait compter. Si vous faites des erreurs dans vos donn\u00e9es financi\u00e8res, il\/elle les remarquera, et vous perdrez en cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9.<\/li>\n
  2. Faites un br\u00e8ve description<\/strong>. Le banquier ou l\u2019investisseur ne comprendra pas forc\u00e9ment tous les d\u00e9tails concernant votre activit\u00e9. Pensez-y, votre banquier\/banqui\u00e8re a certainement fait des \u00e9tudes dans le domaine de la banque, de la finance ou de la comptabilit\u00e9, mais il\/elle n\u2019a probablement pas \u00e9tudi\u00e9 l\u2019agriculture ou l\u2019industrie agro-alimentaire. V\u00e9rifiez donc que vous expliquez la m\u00e9thode de production, sans \u00eatre excessivement technique.<\/li>\n
  3. Le pr\u00eateur a l\u2019argent.<\/strong> C\u2019est pourquoi vous allez frapper \u00e0 sa porte. Il ou elle doit avoir confiance en vous pour vous pr\u00eater son argent. Pr\u00eateriez-vous de l\u2019argent \u00e0 un inconnu qui souhaite d\u00e9marrer une nouvelle activit\u00e9 que vous ne comprenez pas parfaitement ? Probablement pas. Expliquez les ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents de votre entreprise, votre propre parcours professionnel et celui de votre \u00e9quipe dirigeante. Rappelez-vous qu\u2019en d\u00e9finitive, vous pr\u00eatez de l\u2019argent \u00e0 des personnes, pas \u00e0 une entreprise. Ceci dit, n\u2019\u00e9crivez pas votre autobiographie. Tenez-vous en aux faits, et s\u2019il vous pla\u00eet ne faites pas de phrases exag\u00e9r\u00e9ment longues, et \u00e9vitez les copies de vos dipl\u00f4mes et de votre certificat de naissance.<\/li>\n
  4. Mettez-vous \u00e0 la place du pr\u00eateur.<\/strong> Un banquier, ou un organisme de pr\u00eat, a besoin de s\u2019assurer que vous payerez en temps opportun. Ils se focalisent sur les ventes, les marges et la tr\u00e9sorerie. D\u2019autre part, un investisseur s\u2019int\u00e9resse plus au gain en capital et cherche \u00e0 vendre sous 7 \u00e0 10 ans et accumuler un capital significatif. Dans les investissements en capitaux priv\u00e9s en Afrique, un rendement du capital de 20-30 % n\u2019est pas rare. L\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat premier d\u2019un investisseur est que votre entreprise croisse, en taille et en valeur.<\/li>\n
  5. Quels sont vos atouts ?<\/strong> En plus de votre sens des affaires et de vos qualit\u00e9s de leader, qu\u2019est-ce qui rend votre projet sp\u00e9cial ? \u00c0 quel point \u00eates-vous impliqu\u00e9(e) personnellement ? Suivant ce qui se pratique g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, vous devrez apporter personnellement 50 % du capital. 30 % peut suffire si vous avez un excellent projet. Mais veuillez ne pas confondre la transformation agro-alimentaire et les start-ups sur internet ou la Silicon Valley. Personne ne souhaite pr\u00eater \u00e0 une nouvelle entreprise agro-alimentaire. Dans certains cas, les banques peuvent exiger que vous cr\u00e9iez une nouvelle entreprise pour votre nouvelle activit\u00e9 – c\u2019est un choix d\u2019ordre l\u00e9gal, financier et fiscal. Si c\u2019est votre cas, assurez-vous bien que votre plan d\u2019affaires d\u00e9crive votre ou vos autre(s) activit\u00e9(s) commerciale(s), leur croissance et leur rentabilit\u00e9. C\u2019est simple en fait : si vous pouvez montrer des ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents dans la cr\u00e9ation et la gestion d\u2019une entreprise rentable, votre cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9 augmente en m\u00eame temps que vos chances de trouver des fonds pour votre nouveau projet.<\/li>\n
  6. Ce qu\u2019il faut y mettre.<\/strong> En tant que pr\u00eateur\/investisseur potentiel, je veux en savoir plus sur :<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    • L\u2019historique de votre entreprise, ses ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents, ses objectifs et son statut l\u00e9gal<\/li>\n
    • Votre \u00e9quipe dirigeante, les comp\u00e9tences et le parcours de ses membres<\/li>\n
    • Le march\u00e9 dans lequel vous vous lancez – quels sont les acteurs, les concurrents, les fournisseurs, les clients<\/li>\n
    • La proc\u00e9dure d\u2019achat des mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res (bien souvent la cl\u00e9 du succ\u00e8s dans l\u2019industrie agro-alimentaire)<\/li>\n
    • Vos clients et leurs engagements \u00e9ventuels (accords, contrats ?)<\/li>\n
    • La cha\u00eene de valeur dans laquelle vous \u00eates et la position de votre entreprise dans cette cha\u00eene<\/li>\n
    • Vos locaux – emplacement strat\u00e9gique ? adapt\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019activit\u00e9 ? r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique adapt\u00e9  ?<\/li>\n
    • Pr\u00e9visions commerciales<\/li>\n
    • Objectifs financiers<\/li>\n
    • Facteurs qui pourraient perturber vos pr\u00e9visions (d\u00e9valuation, p\u00e9nurie de mati\u00e8re premi\u00e8re, pannes d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, s\u00e9cheresse…)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      L\u2019analyse de faisabilit\u00e9 du projet peut \u00eatre annex\u00e9e au plan, mais n\u2019oubliez pas d\u2019expliquer sur quelles hypoth\u00e8ses elle est \u00e9tablie. Ne vous inqui\u00e9tez pas au sujet des donn\u00e9es financi\u00e8res v\u00e9rifi\u00e9es et des documents l\u00e9gaux \u00e0 ce stade. Le but du plan est de susciter l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat du lecteur, afin qu\u2019il puisse commencer \u00e0 croire en votre projet.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Les plans d\u2019affaires sont exig\u00e9s par la plupart des organismes financiers et les pr\u00eateurs pour estimer le montant de leur investissement dans votre entreprise.  Lorsqu\u2019\u00e0 Insta-Pro nous \u00e9tudions un cr\u00e9dit-bail pour un client, nous exigeons \u00e9galement un plan d\u2019affaires et une analyse de faisabilit\u00e9 du projet.  Un plan d\u2019affaires est un document \u00e9volutif qui refl\u00e8te […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":10826,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8203],"tags":[9030,559],"class_list":["post-3716","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-strategie-commerciale-et-financement","tag-african-business-fr","tag-investissement-de-capitaux-fr-2"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nQue mettre dans un plan d\u2019affaires ? - Insta-Pro<\/title>\n<meta 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